Adam Drewnowski, director of the Nutrition Sciences Program at the University of Washington in Seattle, says that an ongoing recession will lead to even more obesity. Drewnowski has a PhD in Psychology but is also Professor of Epidemiology and Adjunct Professor in the Department of Medicine. That's a broad range of expertise for any scientist, and I respect that, but in the nearly two years since Scientific Blogging and our cadre of my favorite science bloggers has been in existence we've had a lot of articles discussing the causes of obesity- and recession may not be the silliest, but it is top five.
We've had obesity blamed on an AD-36 virus, not just fast food but instead fast food marketing, a lack of sleep, the neighborhood you live in (that one was also Drewnowski) your mother's diet while you were in the womb, the fact that you don't get paid to lose weight and, well, I could go on but just do a search for causes of obesity and you'll find a hundred more.
Genetics is a common thread in a lot of the articles we post. Obviously the search is on for a genetic root to virtually everything, that is the whole point of genetics, and most of these studies are not looking for a genetic magic bullet, they are looking for a genetic predisposition to eating disorders, including clinically obese people on one side and anorexics on the other, but an actual genetic link claim will remain suspect; with anorexia, for example, it will be difficult to find a gene that primarily affects middle class white girls in America. And clinical obesity is not being a little heavy, it is a life-threatening condition. If there is a genetic predisposition, it still takes an environmental trigger to activate it.
Drewnowski is not saying the recession literally causes you to gain weight, he is saying that with recession fears, people are more likely to eat cheaper food.
Why weren't we overrun with fat people in the Great Depression then? We didn't have inflation then, like we are about to have with Congress basically printing a bunch of new money and throwing it at porkbarrel legislation in each of their 435 districts, we had deflation; a dollar actually bought you more stuff, people just had fewer dollars. We also didn't the capitalist miracle of cheap, plentiful food that makes third world countries dizzy with envy.
Drewnowksi falls back on his 'neighborhood' correlation I mentioned above. "In Seattle we have found that there are fivefold differences in obesity rates depending on the zip code -- the low-income zip codes have a much higher proportion of obese people," he said.
The notion that we would be helping people by making food too expensive for them to afford sounds suspiciously like rich New Yorkers who move to Connecticut and want to keep out Wal-Mart for local people; they're already rich so they don't want poor people to be able to buy things if it means an overpriced cozy downtown store would no longer be around.
Obviously not everyone agrees with Drewnowski. "We associate poverty with obesity because energy dense foods are less expensive. More poverty does not have to translate into more obesity but it certainly could," said Dr. Robert Eckel, the former president of the Dallas-based American Heart Association.
So it's what you do with your money at issue. We always see the extremes of poverty but that is not really the case of American poor people. I don't have an X-box 360 but a lot of poor people do. I'd much rather take my kids to Wendy's than most restaurants because it is $3 cheaper, just like poor people, but my kids are pretty active. If your lifestyle is sedentary and you're poor and you acquire a taste for junk food, you will get obese. But if your lifestyle is sedentary and you are rich and acquire a taste for junk food, you will get obese also. Obesity is pretty egalitarian if you eat too much.
We had a meeting here yesterday over some sandwiches and I found myself wanting chips; the last few meetings over sandwiches I had, we had chips. Even with just a few instances, I had trained my body to want chips with a sandwich. It was less enjoyable without them. Obviously that sort of correlation is not science either, it's just an example. And I ate some chips anyway. But it's an easy trap to fall into.
Back to food and recession, Drewnowski says the Depression is actually a decent model for healthier eating; people ate ground beef, beans, milk, nuts, cheese, carrots, potatoes, canned tomatoes, soups, and rice. And a whole lot of bread, but he seems to leave that out. My dad won't eat bread slathered with lard and some salt and pepper today but he still has some nostalgia for it, mostly when he tells me how much easier we have it now.
We have a family dish called 'pot pie' which is really just some meat and broth with homemade noodles, like dumplings, and my great grandmother was out here visiting me a few years back and saw me make the dough, but I was adding an egg, and she said, "That's rich man's pot pie."
It wasn't a quality diet that kept people thin in the Depression, it was the lack of food. While 100 percent of studies have proved that people who eat fewer calories than they burn will lose weight, I am not sure it is something we want to have forced on people.
"Obesity is a toxic result of a failing economic environment," Drewnowski told Reuters in a phone interview.
No, obesity remains the toxic result of eating too much. We need to keep that in mind lest we start to try and throw money and laws at the wrong problems
Comments
my bad...I made the classic mistake of replying before I finished reading your post.
Heck, I've been known to make comments before people even finish writing their posts.
You do make a fine point about the necessity of feeding 4X as many people on the planet today versus 1930 and what it hath wrought. It used to be you had to be rich to be fat. Now you have to be rich to be thin.
Hank Campbell | 01/09/09 | 15:17 PM
Ian Ramjohn | 01/09/09 | 15:45 PM
Gerhard Adam | 01/09/09 | 15:42 PM
During the Great Depression, buying power rose. A dollar bought much more during the Great Depression than during the preceding period of the 1920s. Thus for those who had wages, they could buy more food, better food.
In fact, protein consumption increased during the Great Depression as meat consumption increased. Simply, for the street-level, wage earning working man, his life improved during the Great Depression.
Ben Bernanke and the Federal Reserve are trying hard to stop prices from falling. Should such action work, the result of such action shall be a fall in the buying power of a dollar. A fall in buying power, should translate to rises in the prices of foods.
In the face of a recession with rising food prices, expect the poor to substitute meat protein with more rice, pasta and bread. Meat takes longer to digest than rice, pasta and bread carbohydrates. If the poor eat less meat and more rice, pasta and bread, expect the poor to eat with greater frequency in a quest to fill up the same stretched-size of stomach.
Because pasta and rice are carbohydrates, whatever the body does not need immediately for cellular respiration, the body turns such carbohydrates into adipose tissue (body fat).
Ignorance abounds about the human body, as well.
Smack MacDougal (not verified) | 01/11/09 | 12:35 PM
Ignorance abounds about the Great Depression.
During the Great Depression, buying power rose. A dollar bought much more during the Great Depression than during the preceding period of the 1920s.
Well, in the article I wrote:
Why weren't we overrun with fat people in the Great Depression then? We didn't have inflation then, like we are about to have with Congress basically printing a bunch of new money and throwing it at porkbarrel legislation in each of their 435 districts, we had deflation; a dollar actually bought you more stuff ...
I don't think that qualifies as 'ignorance.' But you are data mining a little bit when you say that "for the street-level, wage earning working man, his life improved during the Great Depression" - sure it did, there were just milions fewer working. Hardly a Great thing. And a lot of poor people. Intimating the Great Depression was just some sort of myth is silly.
What modern politicians, and probably President-elect Obama as well, fail to realize about the Depression and FDR's handling of it was that he didn't just throw money into public works, he cut spending by $500 million his first week in office. Good luck getting Congress to agree to that.
Hank Campbell | 01/11/09 | 12:49 PM
No one claimed that you suffer from ignorance over the Great Depression. I claim that many suffer from false beliefs about the history of the Great Depression. Yet, upon reading your rely comment, I must wonder if paranoia has not grabbed hold of you.
Also, trying to sully another with innuendo amuses and this expression does not disappoint -- " Intimating the Great Depression was just some sort of myth is silly."
Yet, most Americans lived on farms during the era of the Great Depression. The unemployed lived in cities and often were immigrants. The other great group of unemployed were the American blacks.
Americans ought to learn that FDR and his action never helped solve the unemployment problem. In 1932, about 17% were unemployed. In 1940, about 17% were unemployed.
Unemployment did not fall until 1941 (9%) as war effort spending shot up. Of course by 1942, men became "employed" fighting a war.
Smack MacDougal (not verified) | 01/11/09 | 13:16 PM
I think coming into a thread and announcing people are ignorant - and then restating the very thing I said in the article - shows you either didn't bother to read it or you don't know what the word 'ignorant' means. That's not paranoia.
This statement of yours
... is incorrect no matter how liberally you want to interpret the word 'most.' Total agricultural employment in 1930 was 21.5% and 30% of people who owned farms had to work off the farm at a primary job so it is certain that nowhere near the 21% of Americans working on farms, and and the number was dropping every year, were enjoying some kind of bucolic paradise existence. Perhaps you think truly think the Depression was a Golden Age in America, but if so you clearly don't know anyone who experienced it the way poor people did. Here's hoping you never have to find out for yourself.
This statement of yours
Yet, most Americans lived on farms during the era of the Great Depression.
... is incorrect no matter how liberally you want to interpret the word 'most.' Total agricultural employment in 1930 was 21.5% and 30% of people who owned farms had to work off the farm at a primary job so it is certain that nowhere near the 21% of Americans working on farms, and and the number was dropping every year, were enjoying some kind of bucolic paradise existence. Perhaps you think truly think the Depression was a Golden Age in America, but if so you clearly don't know anyone who experienced it the way poor people did. Here's hoping you never have to find out for yourself.
Hank Campbell | 01/11/09 | 13:41 PM
You have moved from the realm of paranoia into the realm of stupidity.
Good luck with your idiocy and false beliefs.
Smack MacDougal (not verified) | 01/11/09 | 13:44 PM












Agriculture has changed fundamentally since the 1920s. Chemical fertilisers were not standard in the 1920s. The high yielding varieties produced during the Green Revolution (bred to be able to make maximum use of these chemical fertilisers) didn't exist during the Great Depression. Mechanisation was not used as widely as it is today. Agricultural subsidies didn't skew food prices the way they do today. Things are fundamentally different.
The high-yielding varieties produced by the Green Revolution were bred more to combat hunger than general nutrition; the nutritional profile of foods is probably somewhat different. Subsidies make corn cheap, but not vegetables. The food industry makes highly processed "food products"...again, they are likley to be more calorie-dense. Feedlots make beef cheap. Meat was once a luxury. American cooking has adapted to this world of cheap, highly processed, often deep-fried foods. Less processed, 'healthy' foods were once the norm. Today they are luxury items.
One more major difference is the social safety net. No matter how bad things get, hunger is likely to be less of a problem today than it was during the Great Depression. I have no idea if Drewnowski is right or wrong, but the world of food has changed so much in the last 80 years that it's impossible to use the Great Depression as a baseline for comparison.
[Update] Never mind, my bad...I made the classic mistake of replying before I finished reading your post. :(