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By Kathlyn Stone | April 22nd 2009 05:43 PM | 5 comments | Print | E-mail | Track Comments
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About Kathlyn Stone

Independent journalist focusing on medicine, science and public policy. Client publications include the Lancet Neurology, Oncology News International, AuntMinnie.com, Doctor's Guide, Neurology Reviews... Full Bio

If your child has trouble with math, give her some gum and send her to school. Researchers at a Texas medical institution say gum-chewing improves math scores.

Researchers at the Baylor College of Medicine in Houston, Texas, recruited more than 100 eighth grade charter school students (all 14 years old) to participate in a clinical trial of how gum chewing impacts student math scores. The students were divided into two groups: gum chewing (52) and non-gum chewing (54) and were nearly equally represented between boys and girls.  

The researchers found that students who chewed gum in math class and while doing homework for 14 weeks showed a 3 percent increase in standardized math test scores compared to those who didn't chew gum.

The students who chewed gum also had “significantly better” final math grades than those who didn't chew gum, according to a press statement released by the Chicago office of public relations giant Edelman. The study was sponsored by (drum roll, please) Wrigley Science Institute.     And what kind of gum did the students chew? Wrigley sugar-free.

“Today’s competitive testing environment has parents and students looking for approaches to improve academic performance, particularly as standardized test scores have become a mandatory requirement for assessing academic achievement,” said Wrigley’s/Edelman.

The study’s sponsors suggest that gum-chewing helps “reduce stress, improve alertness and relieve anxiety.”

The study, led by Craig Johnston, PhD., of Baylor’s Children's Nutrition Research Center, was presented as a "late breaking" poster today at the American Society for Nutrition (ASN) annual meeting taking place in New Orleans, La.

Reference:
Johnston C A, Tyler C, Stansberry SA, Palcic JL, Foreyt JP: Gum chewing affects academic performance in adolescents. ASN Scientific Sessions and Annual Meeting at Experimental Biology 2009, "Late breaking abstract" New Orleans, LA, April 2009.

Comments

Hank's picture
So what does your gut say on this? They were pretty up front about the funding source (something not so obvious in many studies) and I assume smart companies want to do research into how terrific their products are beyond the obvious but it always looks odd to have correlation/causation on things like ... well ... chewing gum and math scores.

P.S. Welcome to the site!

kstone's picture
Thanks for the welcome!

My gut reaction is that a gum manufacturer would not fund expensive clinical research like this if they did not expect a positive outcome. It all seems so...self serving? But it is what we have come to expect.

As a baby boomer, I find it ironic that educators might be swayed  by the study and resulting publicity to distribute gum to students. Gum chewing used to be verboten in the old days.

Hank's picture
You probably remember the rampant chocolate is a magical cure-all infestation of 2007.    Watching an AAAS panel ("Neurobiology Of Chocolate") and knowing only one of those guys was not funded by the Mars chocolate company tested even my B.S. tolerance - and I am usually pretty forgiving about funding, since I would rather have the private sector funding ridiculous correlations between chewing gum and math scores than taxpayers.

But nutrition may be its own animal entirely.   Relationship between Funding Source and Conclusion among Nutrition-Related Scientific Articles claims that studies funded by industry were four to eight times as likely to reach conclusions in the financial interests of sponsors.   

So I think Wrigleys is at least funding researchers who have done research they liked in the past.   Not quite quid pro quo but someone who did a study claiming that gum causes brain tumors probably never got a second grant.

kstone's picture
"...someone who did a study claiming that gum causes brain tumors probably never got a second grant."
So true.

Yes, I remember the chocolate and the red wine studies.  Aren't some new ones about due, just to maintain  awareness?

Hank's picture
Heck, yeah.  I am writing my grant proposal for those right now.

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