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By Danna Staaf | October 22nd 2009 11:06 PM | 2 comments | Print | E-mail | Track Comments
About Danna

Cephalopods have been rocking my world since I was in grade school. Now I'm a graduate student at Stanford University's Hopkins Marine Station, where...

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A fine question! As is so often the case in science, the answer is both yes and no, depending on what kind of squid you are.

Squid come in two metaphorical flavors: Myopsida and Oegopsida. They are usually characterized by lifestyle differences as neritic and pelagic squid, so you might wonder why the taxonomic labels aren't simply Neritica and Pelagica. It turns out they are named instead for the most prominent anatomical difference between them: the presence (in myopsids) or the absence (in oegopsids) of a cornea.

(Linguistic detour: Myopsida obviously comes from the same root as myopia, meaning "shut-eye" but the internet is not providing me with the etymology of Oegopsida. I would love any leads!)

The cornea is a transparent membrane over the lens of myopsid squid. It satisfies all their eye-covering needs, so they don't have actual eyelids (although sometimes people refer to the cornea as an eyelid for extra confusion). Oegopsid squid have no cornea, and consequently, their lenses are fully exposed to seawater. Most of the time they seem to be okay with that, but when scientists poke their eyes (or perhaps in other threatening situations), they'd like to be able to cover up. For that purpose, they have real eyelids made out of real skin.

Here's an Ommastrephes bartramii winking at you:




P.S. My inspiration for this post was a truly, truly weird squid news hit:
Some commercials are stranger than others. Most foreign commercials are strange because, well, they're foreign. This commercial's strange because a squid climbs out of a guys mouth and a piece of gum makes it disappear. Yea. Just watch.

I was compelled to ignore the yucky marketing message of "chew our gum so you can cheat with impunity" and consider this commerical with my biologist hat on. It's not easy, being a cephalopodiatrist! You get these compulsions!

Do you want to know what it's like? Do you want to be a real squid nerd? Go back and look at seconds 0:10-0:12 very carefully. Do you see the eyelids blink? Do you see which edge of the eyelid expanded in which direction, to make the blink?

Now read this excerpt from a scientific account of the cephalopod eyelid:
Note how the eyelid closed: The posterior edge of the eyelid expanded anteriorly providing most of the closure.

Is that correct? Did that match the commerical? No, it didn't! In the commercial, the anterior edge of the eyelid provided the closure by expanding posteriorly.

I have a weird desire to chew gum now.

Comments

Uh... I feel like I should know this by now, given how long I've known you, but how do I tell which end of a squid is its anterior and which is its posterior? I would have guessed that the posterior end was the one with arms and tentacles and the anterior the other one, but from what you said that must be wrong.

Also, here's another way to think of the yucky marketing message: the squid is doing its best to out the cheater! Go squid!

Danna Staaf
Good point&thanks for asking! I was afraid that would be confusing. People often guess as you did, but it's actually the other way around. It makes sense if you think of anterior as being the head-end--it's just that the squid's head happens to have some arms and tentacles attached to it.

And just because they like to confuse people, squid often jet backwards, tail-end first. (Yeah, sometimes people do refer to the end of the mantle with fins on it as a "tail". It makes more sense in squids with very long tails.)

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