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Fake Banner
By Gerhard Adam | November 22nd 2009 02:05 PM | 12 comments | Print | E-mail | Track Comments
In today's political hotbed of ideological divisions there seems to be no end to the catch phrases that are used to convey some sentiment regarding the evils of government.  A popular bumper-sticker notes "I love my country, but I fear my government".

What does that even mean?  What is a country without a government?  It certainly can't be so trivial as to pronounce a love for the square of dirt someone is standing on, so what is this statement supposed to represent?  

I'm sure that proponents of such a statement would suggest that it refers to the founding ideals of this country, but that doesn't make sense either since those were the ideals of the first government established.  In other words, any ideals that we think are significant are governmental ideals and have no relationship to anything one would call a country.

I can certainly understand people being discontent with the government and/or concerned about the direction political leaders are moving, but it is foolish to make such simple declarations as if they are anything other than bumper-sticker slogans.

Another phrase that is often cited (out of context) is Ayn Rand's
"... a government holds a legal monopoly on the use of physical force"

This is a perfect example of how words can be manipulated to create a sinister impression and convey little or no meaning.  

In the first place, the use of the word "legal" is irrelevant since by definition a government defines the laws.  This isn't some arbitrary act of compulsion, but represents the means by which societies operate.  While you may disagree with the laws, there is nothing in "legality" that is binding if one elects to oppose it.  This is precisely why many governments have been overthrown by revolutions and insurrections, because people have elected to use physical force to make changes.  The entire basis of the American Revolution deals with the use of force to overthrow the ruling monarch, so to suggest that "legality" has anything to do with anything is simply absurd.

In the second instance, the use of the word "monopoly" is simply wrong.  A monopoly suggests the inability of people to participate and implies absolute control.  As evidenced in many places around the world today, and certainly throughout history, governments have never held a monopoly on the violence that its citizens can perpetrate.  

More importantly the use of these two terms, "legal monopoly" are intended to convey some exclusivity as if this is necessarily a bad thing, but let's look at the alternative.  Should every citizen have the right to be "legally violent" when it suits them?  

Does this statement actually reflect Ayn Rand's intent though?  Apparently not, because she goes on to add:
"It has to hold such a monopoly, since it is the agent of restraining and combating the use of force; and for that very same reason, its actions have to be rigidly defined, delimited and circumscribed; no touch of whim or caprice should be permitted in its performance; it should be an impersonal robot, with the laws as its only motive power. If a society is to be free, its government has to be controlled."

So the initial statement, taken out of context is shown to be misleading and not indicative of what Ayn Rand meant at all.  The only point being made was that all governments need to be controlled by the people they represent.  

According to Ayn Rand, the use of force by government isn't wrong.
"The only proper purpose of a government is to protect man’s rights, which means: to protect him from physical violence. A proper government is only a policeman, acting as an agent of man’s self-defense, and, as such, may resort to force only against those who start the use of force."

There's no problem with the obvious issue of constraining government, but it becomes more naive with the preceding statement and suggests that government take on a more parental role.  Find out who started it, and punish only them.  Of course, she neglects to mention that this is the primary purpose of most of the laws anyway, so unless we're talking about some dictatorial state, this statement takes us nowhere.

More specifically, how do we determine "who started it"?  Are there no instances of justifiable violence?  How do we define what constitutes force?  Is a threat sufficient to constitute first use of force?  Destruction of private property?  Corporate malfeasance?  

Many of the legal problems encountered by citizens cannot be categorized as simply "violent or not".  

There is no question that government often over-reaches and can be inept in the laws it passes and their enforcement. However, to suggest that there is a government somewhere that is somehow perfect is foolishly utopian.

More importantly, this sentence misses the larger picture in assuming that "physical force" is the only means of coercion.  Specifically with the elevation of big business in her philosophy, it is assumed that the only coercion that ever occurs is from force.  This statement completely ignores the fact that the average citizen is routinely coerced by economic power that is eminently more effective.  

It is easy to talk about "choices" as if individuals are free to act completely independent of their circumstances, but this is simply nonsense.  An individual is an intrinsic part of the economic system and the social environment around them.  Even the most primitive tribesman isn't so foolish as to think that they can live and survive alone.

If the government didn't compel behavior, the Civil War would have resulted in two separate nations.  Slavery would've never been abolished.  Unions would never have been allowed to form.  Civil rights could never have progressed.  By what stretch of the imagination does anyone believe that these changes would've occurred by people's voluntary compliance?  How is a government supposed to ensure the rights of its citizens without the ability to force compulsion?  Are drunk drivers to be permitted their rights until they kill someone?  Is that what we mean by "start the use of force"?

Ayn Rand's point was actually the obvious one, which is that the government should never be allowed to be an unconstrained ruler. However, too many of those repeating these lines have failed to read what she actually said.
This is the means of subordinating “might” to “right.” This is the American concept of “a government of laws and not of men.”

In the end, one has to consider where the government derives this coercive power to compel obedience. It gets it from the people that pressure their representatives and government officials to produce and pass such laws.  Government is not some nebulous entity that has no roots.  It is made up of the very people that would criticize it and it's up to them to change it if it is no longer satisfactory.  That fundamental sentiment was clearly articulated by Thomas Jefferson in the Declaration of Independence.
"That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed, — That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Government, laying its foundation on such principles and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their Safety and Happiness."

Comments

kerrjac's picture
Good article, although I don't find such bumper slogans quite so bad.

Oftentimes they contrast 1 preconceived notion or concept with another, and in this way they're more based on folk smarts than rhetoric. From pure logic, they might seem like tautologies, but that's assuming that you're will to discount preconceived notions.

"physical force", for example, might mean nothing more than one object hitting another. However, in day to day life - particularly when you're driving on the freeway - you're more likely to think of "physical force" as force exerted from one person to another, rather than in a Newtonian sense.

It's by contrasting these concepts and bringing them out of context that they gain meaning. You might be able to substitute the words "country" and "government" in the same sentence, but if you're contrasting both terms, then you're hinting at the reader to pine for the difference (which, I'd argue, is similar to the difference between "home" and "house").

In a sense, this is how much of knowledge works: taking things out of context, isolating them, contrasting them, stretching them to the limits in your imagination, reapplying them to the real word etc. Some bumper slogans do a pretty good job at this, particularly given their brevity and context.

At the same time, one might raise other objections, such as their crude look - a car has a grace to it like a person, and I'd never get a bumper sticker for the same reason I'd never get a tattoo - or the fact that if you had only thing to say to a stranger, it wouldn't be slogan.

Gerhard Adam's picture
Kerr jac, thanks for the comments.  You're right in your assessment of how such slogans work.  I guess what tends to offend me about such things is that they take on an aura of marketing that renders whatever message they may have had as trite.

After a while I tend to get bored with the endless "us vs them" mentality when no one offers up any concrete ideas beyond advancing their own trivial political agendas.   I happen to think that conservatives, liberals, and independents can have a reasonable dialogue and potentially even reach a consensus on issues if they would just stop the nonsensical "baiting" that blows differences (sometimes relatively minor) completely out of proportion.

kerrjac's picture
After a while I tend to get bored with the endless "us vs them"
mentality when no one offers up any concrete ideas beyond advancing
their own trivial political agendas.

I completely agree.

They should come out with bumper sticker slogans that are more ambiguous, or even to the point where you can't infer any social/political association or message, like, I don't know, "I think therefore I am", or "2+2=5".

Gerhard Adam's picture
Hey, don't be too critical.  I have a t-shirt that says
                  2 + 2 = 5
 for extremely large values of 2





Fred Phillips's picture
Gerhard, you have performed a service by taking Ayn Rand down a peg at a time when her name and philosophy have appeared frequently in the news. (I think as a foil for discussion of the bailouts.)

When I was in high school I was reading the paperback edition of Atlas Shrugged. A friend tore the final chapter out of the binding and destroyed it. He said he wanted to protect me from insidious nonsense. Though I do not approve of destroying books, time has proven that it was a grand act of friendship, in this particular instance.

You filed this blog under "random thoughts." As much as we enjoy making fun of political scientists ("They think 'data' is the plural of 'anecdote'"), I'd hate to see political science equated with "random thoughts"!

 

Gerhard Adam's picture
Thank you Fred.  I've never been quite sure what Ayn Rand's appeal has been except as a vehicle for generating whole volume's worth of slogans that are ultimately two dimensional.


As a non-American, I am frequently confused by Americans who simultaneously insist that the US government has the best kind of government, yet the citizens need to be armed against that same government.

It seems to me that the best kind of government would be one with enough checks and balances (and recall legislation), that ensures citizens don't have to be armed against their own government.

Gerhard Adam's picture
The truth is that most Americans tend to be overly dramatic when it comes to the government these days.  Every decision with which they disagree is viewed as causing us to topple into the abyss.  The average American would be outraged if the government were to disappear from their lives and yet they behave as if they are surviving under an oppressor's boot.

Unfortunately if Americans today had to face the real issues and decisions that were faced during the American Revolution, very few would have the nerve to act in a manner comparable to the founding fathers of this nation.

kerrjac's picture
The truth is that most Americans tend to be overly dramatic when it comes to the government these days.  Every decision with which they disagree is viewed as causing us to topple into the abyss.

How Tocquevillian of you to say.

And yet there is the other side to the coin - at least, in Tocqueville's writing - where this attitude, certainly not without its flaws, was observed as completely unseen throughout the rest of the world. In a sense, the modern day internet - and all its practicality, consumerist appeal, absurdity, and political vitriol - is simply an extension of early American newspapers, which often competed within the same city. If it were up to me, I wouldn't have it any other way.

There is a dialogue going on, and although it's the extreme voices that are the loudest, many of those in between - who often tune into the hotheads anyway - are ever making up their minds and truly learning through news, analysis, and experience. In reality what makes it so fascinating is that the stakes are not so high and things are not so fast to progress; in contrast to say a football game you're not on the edge of your seat wondering who will get the big score or make the big mistake. Rather, things are unfolding slowly, deliberately, and cautiously, and from politician to voter, we're all really making things up as we go along. Not unlike the genius of the founding fathers, knowledge and theory are constantly being grounded and executed for the sake of practical day to day quality of life - a feat which, if not occurring on the individual level, is unfolding on a cultural one.

Gerhard Adam's picture
I will admit to a bit more paranoia about it, because I'm german.  Having grown up with my parents telling their own stories about Hitler's rise to power, I am aware of how fickle the public can be and how quickly circumstances can spin out of control.

"If the government didn't compel behavior, the Civil War would have resulted in two separate nations. Slavery would've never been abolished."

Perhaps you are making a large assumption here. It is possible that America could have abolished slavery without a civil war.

Gerhard Adam's picture
Certainly many things are possible, but my point is that many of these events occur because of the government compelling behavior rather than simply letting it evolve.

The Civil War wasn't really about slavery, but rather the preservation of the union, so regardless of how slavery ended up, the Civil War was the result of a conflict between the authority of the federal government over the state's right to secede.

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