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By Michael White | August 20th 2009 04:00 PM | 18 comments | Print | E-mail | Track Comments
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About Michael White

Welcome to Adaptive Complexity, where I write about genomics, systems biology, evolution, and the connection between science and literature, government, and society.

I'm a biochemist


... Full Bio

I'm not sure what Freeman Dyson has been smoking when he argues that cutting-edge genome science is ripe for hobbyists:

The language of the genome is still an undeciphered script, like the Linear B script after it was discovered on ancient clay tablets in Crete. Professional archaeologists and linguists failed for fifty years to decipher Linear B. The amateur Michael Ventris succeeded where the experts had failed, and proved that Linear B was a pre-Homeric form of Greek. I am certainly no Ventris. I cannot decipher my own genome, or extract from it any useful information about my anatomy and physiology. But I consider it a cause for celebration that personal genetic information is now widely distributed at a price that ordinary citizens can afford. Before long, complete human genomes will also be widely available. Then we will see whether the professional experts will win the race to understand the subtle architecture of the genome, or whether some new Ventris will beat them at their own game.

Comparing Linear B to the genome doesn't make any sense - the genome is not 'written' in a single language, remaining to be deciphered. There is no single code to break. The genome is part of an extremely complex system of millions of large molecules diffusing around the cell.

The connection between Dyson's genome and his anatomy and physiology will be some day understood in terms of genetics and biophysical chemistry, and that's not any more accessible to hobbyists than something like quantum computing. Maybe Dyson thinks that hobbyists will solve the problems of quantum computing as well, but somehow I doubt he believes that.



Comments

dorigo's picture
Hi Michael,

until the tablets were confined in Crete they were thought to be a continuation of the Linear A, but then some more were discovered (in 1953) in the temple of Naestor near Pilos, in Peloponnese. Only then was it possible to realize that they were an ancient form of Greek. I had the fortune to visit both the remains of the temple and the nearby museum, where casts of the tablets are displayed. A fascinating story indeed!

Cheers,
T.

adaptivecomplexity's picture
It's a fascinating story, and I would love to go visit those areas some day.
But I don't see how it bears any resemblance to 'deciphering' the genome. In the case of the script, it's like deciphering a code. In the genome, the only thing that is a code in the literal sense of a cipher is the genetic code. 

There is no race, no defined end point to "understand the subtle architecture of the genome," contrary to what Dyson suggests. Dyson has simplified a very broad and tricky area of research. I could be wrong, but my guess is he wouldn't say thing like this about particle physics or quantum computing.


Steve Davis's picture
Mike, I think you've over-reacted to a personal view from one who does not, I believe, see himself as a physicist, but as a scientist. Dyson has always taken a big-picture view, and that should be encouraged, not sneered at. He's also been prepared to get involved in the social aspects of scientific progress, a quality sadly missing in certain areas of science.
Is there an element of possessiveness here?   

adaptivecomplexity's picture
It's not picture view to say that genome biology research is a "race" that could be deciphered in a big eureka moment by someone who does the research as a hobby. 
Don't get me wrong - I have long admired Dyson and his achievements. He has this vision of hobbyist botanical genetic engineering which he's written about before. I think he's seriously underestimating the difficulty of making calculated genetic changes to produce complex, interesting phenotypes. Plant and animal breeders have had centuries to perfect their trial&error techniques. Genetic engineering is a long way from that.



jtwitten's picture
It is a false analogy anyway.  Linear B was deciphered because it encoded a known language.  Its decipherment was delayed because it incorrectly assumed that Linear B did not encode Mycenaean Greek.  The genome, on the other hand, not only is an undeciphered code (and multiple overlapping codes-Mike, I believe you have used the phone line metaphor before), but it is not clear that we have real knowledge of the "language" it encodes either.

Hfarmer's picture
I have to agree with you Steve. Michael, what Dyson says on this has to be seen in relation to what he says about the snobbery of PhD'd scientist (particularly in Physics) who think that only people with PhD's are worth listening to. He's not saying that any physicist or that any scientist could just pic up and understand the genome magically.  What Dyson is saying is that genomic science has reached a point where a self taught person, or someone who does not have an academic degree in the field, could learn it and make contributions. 
This is possible in physics, as Dyson himself does not have a Ph.D. in Physics.    Regardless of this he was able to make seminal contributions to theoretical Physics and has a lifetime tenure at the institute for advanced study in Princeton. That said it is true that to allot of non scientist, and to many many scientist, the definition of a scientist includes a PhD. and anyone who does not have those three golden letters ought to be ignored. 

Biological sciences are perhaps not so full of **** and it would be a shame for them to become that way. 

The linear B of the analogy to DNA science is not a perfect analogy.  But suppose the archaeologist had simply ignored that "hobbyist" there is NO guarantee that it would have been deciphered around the same time if ever. 


Come on! Widespread genetic information in the hands of hobbyists is going to "solve" the puzzle of the genome? It is completely not like a code awaiting to be deciphered. The analogy is preposterous.

Freeman Dyson has been spewing nonsense for years, delighting the climate change denial industry by claiming that climate change is not the big deal it is said to be, and that in any case it would only take planting a trillion trees to fix. I have never understood why anybody who doesn't have a vested interest in his opinions takes this man seriously.

Nice ad hominem attack on Dyson. Next time, try logic and fact instead of personal attack.

Dyson's right on in this, it's no big deal for anyone but the folks that have to relocate because of this. With global warming, the seas may indeed innundate low-lying coastal cities. So what? That's certainly not the first time the environment has caused civilizations to move great cities and commerce centers. When studying ancient Egypt, it is very clear this was a common occurance in the capriciously flooded Nile Delta, and the folks now living in a far smaller, decaying New Orleans should learn that lesson as well.

In the famously comedic phrasology of the now dead Sam Kinneson, "MOOOVE!!! This is no good here anymore."

Creation/destruction/recycled re-creation is the norm, not exception to man's history, and not a single atom has been consumed, only conveniently refined for future recycling. So, climate change isn't the "big deal" most sociopoiltical-agenda-driven types make it out to be.

Stop panicking the ignorant and uneducated children and go plan for the naturally inevitable change already. So we sped things up a bit, what is the big deal? Aren't you ready for, even seeking new real estate opportunities thus created, and restoration of precious coastal marshes and wetlands for bird and fish habitat, presently lost to unnecessary drainage by man's past, even present coastal developmental activities?

Be consistent now. Are you FOR or AGAINST the restoration of our "natural" coastlines? Or, do you simply want to lord YOUR agenda and power over the rest of us?

When global warming treats the vast Northern Arctic forests to additional summer heat, let's say 2 deg. F, won't the billions of trees already well established there perk right up and store a very significant amount of atmospheric CO2, through dramatically increased efficiency of biomass conversion during 24/7 sunlight exposure? With temporary melting of the permafrost, won't the dead vegetable matter from these newly energized forests also feed the peat bogs and etc., thus both sequestering carbon without decay and creating future coal reserves as well? (Yes, I know this will be for the next whatever organism that civilizes and uses energy millions of years after man's own extinction on Earth.)

This will be a temporary conditon, as these billions of trees could easily snap up ALL the "excess" CO2 man has produced since the Industrial Revolution in a matter of less than a decade. Then, watch as the Earth gets rather cool rather quickly. Who knows, but that a massive infusion of CO2 by volcanic and other "natural" sources may have actually preceeded the Little Ice Age, that began about the end of the First Millennium and ended in the 18th Century. Any of you environmental geologists or scientists studying ice cores for historical atmospheric gas levels want to give the rest of us some insight on this?

Correction, "18th Century" should read, "19th Century."

Sorry about that.

I wouldn't need such a correction or apology if the agenda driven weren't so involved in personal attacks over simple typo's.

Creation/destruction/recycled re-creation is the norm, not exception to man's history, and not a single atom has been consumed, only conveniently refined for future recycling. So, climate change isn't the "big deal" most sociopoiltical-agenda-driven types make it out to be.

Bill, your ignorance is astounding. You think we can just move away from cities that will be flooded as a consequence of global climate change? Well, you're right, people can just move, but the consequences following that could be horrendous. When the environment changes drastically, the fallout is normally massive death through hunger. Are you quite okay with millions of people starving to death (perhaps as long as they are all from the third world)?

Besides, it may very well be that the environmental changes as you have described them vastly underestimates the ones that will really happen.

Instead, your worry is ad hominem attacks on Freeman Dyson. Nice order of concerns.

"Bill, your ignorance is astounding," and, "Are you quite okay with millions of people starving to death (perhaps as long as they are all from the third world)?"

Bjørn:

Your own ad hominem attack, (which includes a greatly exaggerated false accusation, that I somehow welcome death or destruction) demonstrates that you haven't the intellectual honesty to actually examine what I had said in light of historical fact. Instead, you concentrate on me personally, as if that justifies erroneous behavior and panic driven response to natural calamity.

THAT alone is why I pointed out above that attacking Freeman Dyson as a person is asinine… especially when he happens to be correct. The desired order of interest is for solving problems, not in having to waste time in responding to distractive personal attack or emotional appeal as points of debate.

It is the distraction of such attacks that make our efforts at actually SOLVING problems virtually impossible. It is because people worship celebrity rather than verifiable knowledge or actual accomplishment that such a condition exists. To such folks as you, it's the man that is more important than the idea he expresses, (worshipping Mr. Obama won't change the stupidity of his rushing to unconstitutionally seize power as a quasi-dictator). Thus Dyson's own disdain for those that worship titles such as BS, (we ALL know what that stands for) and PhD, (the same stuff as BS, just piled higher and deeper).

What "ignorance" have I displayed in my analysis?

In true "scientific" fashion, I list the obvious effects and possible long term consequences of present global warming trends, noting they are far more likely to be rather temporary than permanent, and that they will result in not an overlong heating, but far longer cooling effect on planet Earth's biosphere. Among which also I note the natural correction of centuries of man's abuse of precious, life-giving coastal environments and ecologies.

Why, YES! I DO think it both possible, but actually beneficial that we abandon such cities and replace them with better planned ones in far better locations. The false hope that one places in government edict to "solve" much at all is easily repudiated by looking at what it has already accomplished.

You seem not to comprehend that man can DO absolutely nothing other than add labor to the virtually unlimited resources that nature already supplies us. Every economy on the planet, either personal or national is based upon the addition of work to resources. So, the only REAL consequence to man from unavoidable global warming is the addition of work. But, as this IS the basis of our economies, the economic impact on us is actually very positive and substantial.

I suppose that you aren't ready for "change we can believe in?" (Water up to your knees is quite believable.)

Thus, the solution to global warming is to learn how to live with it and to exploit it to our benefit, rather than to destroy entire economic systems and restrain people's liberty by rushing about in panic, and imposing your unnecessarily idiotic "rules" upon how we live. (Nor should anyone welcome the rules of the game to be stacked in anyone's particular favor, regardless of the supposed justifications. Whenever the rules are capriciously modified, the really smart folks play to win by stretching such advantage to the limit. Thus, the unintended consequence that trying to "help" the less fortunate own their residence resulted in an unsustainable RE bubble, which has now, with the aid of many factors too numerous to list here, CAUSED the meltdown of the global economy, and completely enslaved Americans to pay for our politically generated and totally unnecessary debt forever.)

Having been in some 43 nations to date, (a few for extended periods) I can assure you that I am very well acquainted with anything you may imagine in the Third World, and an awful lot that you couldn't begin to conceive. So, my desire for such people to have as many benefits as we Americans presently do drives me to stop the politicians and seek the people to find out what they truly desire or need.

What they DON'T want is for some well-meaning fool to destroy their ability to feed their families, by taking away the markets that support their personal economies. (It is interesting to note that when we ask African villagers what they most dearly need, they respond with "pens." This is because the pen is necessary to achieve any kind of decent education, and the cost of a Bic or Berol throwaway pen is over a day's wages in the far away city. The lesson here is that we need to set aside our misconceptions about what we think others "need" and LISTEN TO THEM instead.)

Technically, this planet can accommodate about 35 Billion people without them having to starve. I've personally fed a family of four from the produce of 5 x 15 meters, and still gave the neighbors our excess tomatoes. I've already designed portable multi-megawatt wind collectors to use to both power villages and provide clean drinking water for thousands, using GE ZeeWeed filtration elements. (Send an e-mail to ecospotbnr@aol.com and I'll send you a pdf file on it.) I've also been granted several patents in my work on 99.9% energy efficient light emitting capacitors, commonly called EL lights. So, it is rather clear that my heart's desire is to provide people BETTER means of stewardship over their own natural resources, and thus to improve their lives.

What exactly have all the Global Warming propaganda, chants, protests, web sites, and etc. ad nauseum have provided anything of value whatsoever for the poor in Bangladesh? Perhaps if you nuts would actually take some modest amount of cash from YOUR pockets and send it to a Pakistani or Bangladeshi micro-finance organization, YOU would create small businesses and enterprises for a Bangladeshi or Pakistani family to earn their daily bread from. Folks having the ability to provide for themselves and family are generally a lot more peaceful than those in need or want. They also make good neighbors, customers and suppliers to grow economies from.

Or, is it infinitely MORE important that YOU publically appear to have a heart you cannot posses in imposing your cult of personality will upon others?

BTW, I freely gave away the rights to passive solar desalinization technology that could, for example, provide California a second Colorado River's worth of drinking water, simply by exploiting 35 square miles of our desert wasteland and a pumping station somewhere at our 900 mile long shoreline. California's politicians rejected the gift outright, so it now resides in Riyadh, where a people desperate for fresh water may exploit it to everyone's advantage. This experience demonstrates that anyone that “believes in” a politician or political ideology will also believe in anything; just nothing worthy of man's efforts.

Now, you are more edified on the subject. I sincerely pray it helps you to reconsider your ideals and agendas.

"Your own ad hominem attack, (which includes a greatly exaggerated false accusation, that I somehow welcome death or destruction) demonstrates that you haven't the intellectual honesty to actually examine what I had said in light of historical fact. Instead, you concentrate on me personally, as if that justifies erroneous behavior and panic driven response to natural calamity."

I don't concentrate on you, bill. I just point out that what you said was ignorant of the severity of global climate change.

What "ignorance" have I displayed in my analysis?

It says right here:

"Bill, your ignorance is astounding. You think we can just move away from cities that will be flooded as a consequence of global climate change? Well, you're right, people can just move, but the consequences following that could be horrendous. When the environment changes drastically, the fallout is normally massive death through hunger. Are you quite okay with millions of people starving to death (perhaps as long as they are all from the third world)?"

I know understand (and am not surprised) that you of course don't welcome death and destruction anywhere. I still think you greatly undereastimate the calamities that will ensue when things go awry.

Additionally, while I am quite impressed with your inventions and resourcefulness - and agree that things would change much for the better if everyone did likewise - my point that people will hurt severely by global climate change, and that it therefore is a valuable endeavor to do something proactive about it. On top of that, people aren't my only concern. Many species will go extinct if the climate changes a lot, and I wish it wouldn't be so, despite this being a natural phenomenon, etc.

Lastly, I frankly resent what you are trying to imply when you say "Or, is it infinitely MORE important that YOU publically appear to have a heart you cannot posses in imposing your cult of personality will upon others?" Do you really think I have suggested that what I appear as in public is more important than anything we have discussed here? I certainly don't think it is. 'Cult of personality will'? What the heck is that anyway?

"Now, you are more edified on the subject. I sincerely pray it helps you to reconsider your ideals and agendas." You pompous brat! I do not consider myself "edified" by your lecture. Save your prayers for someone else.

Bjørn:

Now you are experiencing what the "other side" feels when you attack them by calling them "ignorant," or, worse yet imply they are uncaring racists for disagreeing with your own unsupported viewpoint. And yes, this is personal. I'll excuse your inability to exit your other ignorant prejudice, and suggest you look up alternate uses for "pray." The whole point is that that there is absolutely nothing whatsoever that can be done to slow down or stop global warming. No amount of whining, boycotting, alternate this or that, regulations, capitalism, blaming, rules, laws, industrialization, arguing, politics, elitism, taxes, welfare states, neighbors poking their obnoxious noses into their neighbor's business, "organic farming," collectivism, or any other thing that Man can d or devise to prevent or end this.

Panic and tyrrany aren't the answer either.

Global warming simply is, and doesn't care about anyone's politics or personalities. The Earth abides in spite of Man, not because of him.

We therefore must accept what is inevitable, and make ourselves better for it by wisely using our most precious resource, our own ingenuity and labor coupled to a common goal, to build better alternate living space elsewhere. Global warming didn't cause the tsunami that wracked Indonesia, and they are rebuilding and have rebuilt better. Same for China's earthquake zones. That's what people have done in response to natural disaster since man first arrived. America loses a small city every year to tornados and fires, and people simply rebuild. The coastal damage caused by a sea rise of even 1 cm/year will be NOTHING in comparison to the carnage and destruction Europe sufferd in WW2. Your grandparents rebuilt and didn't whine about it. They have done so for generations. They had no choice, and neither do we. Ask them about it, if they still live. Visit Dresden or Cologne and talk to the old folk, or people that grew up during the war.

We have all the resources and knowledge necessary to acccomplish anything needed to not only prevent any loss of life, but to actually improve it for many millions. All it takes is a commitment to not impose your personal views on the rest of the world. You can discuss with them anything you wish, and offer whatever suggestion that you believe will help. You cannot though, force anyone else, by any means whatsoever to adhere to any of your wishes.

Folks like you have a tendency to use the fame or recognition, (i.e. PhD, Politician, Actor, TV personality, business leader) of a person to validate the truth of their utterances. McLuhan expressed it as the medium becoming the message, and I use the Chinese Cult of Personality model to describe how elitists control the masses through celebrity worship. Now, because that is your tendancy, it is also your will. That is, your will is what you wish that others would would do as well, and would gladly force them to if you had the power. I'll save the rest of the interesting psychoanalysis for later.

That should explain it for you.

Now... open your checkbook or wallet, and give generously to someone in need. 10% from everyone is all it takes to make the actual poor become as rich as YOU are. There's a Third World out there that needs YOUR help, and NOTHING to stop you from helping them... but yourself.

Creation/destruction/recycled re-creation is the norm, not exception to man's history, and not a single atom has been consumed, only conveniently refined for future recycling. So, climate change isn't the "big deal" most sociopoiltical-agenda-driven types make it out to be.

Bill, your ignorance is astounding. You think we can just move away from cities that will be flooded as a consequence of global climate change? Well, you're right, people can just move, but the consequences following that could be horrendous. When the environment changes drastically, the fallout is normally massive death through hunger. Are you quite okay with millions of people starving to death (perhaps as long as they are all from the third world)?

Besides, it may very well be that the environmental changes as you have described them vastly underestimates the ones that will really happen.

Instead, your worry is ad hominem attacks on Freeman Dyson. Nice order of concerns.

"suggest you look up alternate uses for "pray." "

Whatever the use of the word, save it for someone else.

"No amount of whining, boycotting, alternate this or that, regulations, capitalism, blaming, rules, laws, industrialization, arguing, politics, elitism, taxes, welfare states, neighbors poking their obnoxious noses into their neighbor's business, "organic farming," collectivism, or any other thing that Man can d or devise to prevent or end this."

I beg to differ. You are simply claiming that this is so, so I'll limit myself to simply asserting that it is not so. Something can be done. Climate change can't be completely prevented, I agree, but it can perhaps be mitigated.

"You cannot though, force anyone else, by any means whatsoever to adhere to any of your wishes."

I'm not saying whether it should be done or not, but of course it can be done. It is done daily, routinely, through laws.

"Folks like you have a tendency to use the fame or recognition"

Folks like me are who? What do you know about me? I NEVER do this. Nowhere on this thread did I invoke some famous person for any purpose.

Bjørn:

I am sorry for you that your elitist hypocrisy is so evident for everyone to notice. The statement, "It is done daily, routinely, through laws" is ample evidence of my correctly anaylzing your personality, and exposing you to be the elitist snob, willing to impose his will on others by any means possible. How, Bjørn is it even possible for you, or your nation to impose its "law" upon me or mine, that is, outside of your own soverign borders? What simplistic arrogance!

(It is a curiosity that you would want some kind of "world government," that had power to impose one culture's ideals upon all other cultures. How so very considerate of you for your neighbor's liberty. Do we now address you as "majesty" or simply, Führer?)

Was it OK then for G.W. Bush to impose his will on Iraq, as he had all the power needed to do so?

Does might make right in your morality? Seems like you believe that the ends justifies the means, but only when the end is to YOUR advantage over your neighbor.

All you have focused upon since arriving is superfluous ad hominem attack and moronic emotional appeal. Not once have you attempted to correct any data, statement or assumption I've posted, you only engage in childish behavior and then get yourself intellectually reamed as a consequence. You haven't supplied any objective data or other evidence to support your concerns or pronouncements, nor are you responsive at all to my pleas that you give personal consideration to others in need, and take action to help. (As I've observed all over this planet, egocentric elitists like you will endlessly talk all about helping others, but only if it doesn't inconvenience or cost you to apply it yourself. Clearly then, your hypocritical purpose is solely in making yourself feel superior to others, rather than being a constructive world citizen.)

As this is a forum for "scientific" discussion, on the merits of "civilian" versus "professional" contributions to the body scientific, your juvenile distractions aren't worth bothering with any further. Go play with the other children at the rave, disco, or whatever it is that you do to amuse and abuse your body and soul. I've loftier things to pursue.

Next!

This elitist hypocrite snob, arrogant, Nazi, ad hominem attacking, childlike moron, intellectually reamed, egocentric elitist, juvenile, rave/disco abuser agrees with Bill that this discussion is over.

If anyone else is still reading, notice that I said "I'm not saying whether it should be done or not, but of course it can be done. It is done daily, routinely, through laws," which can be roughly translated to mean "I'm not saying whether it should be done or not, but of course it can be done. It is done daily, routinely, through laws."

I realize you had to read between the lines, but this should make it clear what I meant, and you can then make up your own minds as to whether by my words I am an elitist hypocritical, egocentric, moronic, arrogant Nazi snob.

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